Effect of Amylose Content in Rice and Heat–Moisture Treatment of Brown Rice on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet Youko HOSOKAWA 1, 5, Keita KASUGA 1, Yasuaki ENOKI 2, Kenji SAITO 3, Toshio JOH 4, Hisako OKUMURA 1 and Masayoshi SUGAWARA *, 1 1 Department of Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nagaoka College
2 Nutraceuticals Science Laboratory, Bourbon Corporation
3 The Health Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
4 Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University
5 Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University We investigated the influence of amylose content and heat‒moisture treatment of rice on carbohydrate/lipid metabolism in rats.“Koshihikari”brown rice, high-amylose“Koshinokaori”brown rice, and heat‒moisture-treated“Koshihikari”and“Koshinokaori”brown rice were polished and powdered (KH, KK, HMT-KH, and HMT-KK, respectively). KK had both higher resistant starch and dietary fiber content than KH, and the contents of both nutrients were increased by heat‒moisture treatment. KK showed slower starch degradation rate in vitro than KH, and both values were decreased by heat‒moisture treatment. These rice powders were added to high-fat AIN-76 formulated feed and fed to 5-week-old male Wistar rats for 35 days. No significant difference was seen in growth between rats on different feeds. Furthermore, blood triglyceride was significantly decreased in rats fed heat‒moisture‒treated rice. Assay of liver enzyme activity revealed increased glycolytic enzyme activity and decreased fatty acid synthetic enzyme activity in rats fed the heat‒moisture-treated rice.
Key Words: high-amylose rice, brown rice, heat‒moisture treatment, resistant starch, energy metabolism |
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