Starch Intake and Health -physiological effects ofresistant starch- Takashi HAYAKAWA and Haruhito TSUGE Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgricultureGifu University There has been increasing reports concerningrelationship between starch intake and bowel health. According torecent evidences, resistant starch(RS), a fraction of starch thatsurvive digestion in the small intestine
and reach large bowel, plays major roles in the health-promotingaction of starch. In this review, we will describe some importantphysiological effects of RS including its historical background,formation and existence in food and functions in the largeintestine. RS increased fecal mass, fecal water-holding capacityand Cecal fermentation but decreased gastrointestinal transit time.Involvement of RS in lipid metabolism was also discussed. RSreduces glycemic index and improves glucose tolerance in rats. RSimproves mineral availability through increased absorption in thelarge intestine. Some effects of RS on large intestinal defectswere ascribed to fermentation products, short-chain fattyacids.
Key words: resistant starch, physiological effect, fecal bulkingeffect, cecal fermentation, lipid metabolism |
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