Cholesterol-Iowering Effects of Dietary Fiber Shinji IKEMOTO Division of Clinical Nutrition, National Instituteof Health and Nutrition There has been increasing reports concerningseveral physiological responses, such as lowering of plasmacholesterol levels, modification of glycemic response, improvinglarge bowel function, and lowering nutrients availability.According to recent evidences, most isolated fibers that are watersoluble will lower plasma cholesterol in humans and animals. Theseinclude pectins, psyllium, and various gums such as guar gum,Iocust bean gum and modified celluloses such ascarboxymethylcellulose. Consumption of fiber-rich sourcescontaining water-soluble fibers, such as oat bran, barley (sourcesof β-glucan fiber), Iegumes, and vegetables, usually results in alowering plasma cholesterol. In this review, I will describe twodifferent meta- analysises and some mechanisms of these actionincluding its effects on cholesterol synthesis rates, VLDLsecretion rates, LDL turnover rates and susceptibility of LDL tooxidation.
Key words: water-soluble fiber, plasma cholesterol lowering,high-viscosity soluble dietary fiber, cholesterol synthesis,Iipoprotein metabolism |
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