Nondigestible saccharides, including dietary fiber, nondigestible oligosaccharides and resistant starch have beneficial effects on human health. This review article introduces promotive effects of these saccharides on calcium, iron and zinc absorption, and also on bioavailability of flavonoid glycosides in rat models. Some oligosaccharides and low viscous dietary fiber improved calcium absorption and bone strength impaired by renal failure, estrogen and vitamin D deficiencies. The effects of nondigestible saccharides on bone were enhanced in rats loaded running exercise. The mechanisms for the promotive effects largely depend on colonic fermentation of the saccharides, but we found that difructose anhydride （DFA）III stimulates paracellular transport pathway through the tight junction between the epithelial cells of the small intestinal mucosa. These saccharides also improved reduction of iron absorption and severe anemia induced by gastrectomy, and completely recovered running performance suppressed by the gastrectomy. We showed that severe growth retardation with zinc deficiency induced by phytic acid feeding was reversed by some water-insoluble dietary fibers, especially watermelon skin fiber. Fructooligosaccharides and DFAIII enhanced bioavailability of quercetin glycosides with suppressing decomposition of quercetin aglycone by colonic microbes. The responsible properties and chemical structures of nondigestible saccharides for the beneficial effects have not been fully understood. These should be clarified to design more effective saccharides for health-promotive foods.